NECO 2024/2025 Biology Practical Answers

(1ai)

Spec: A – Onion (Bulb)

Spec: B-Ginger (Rhizome)

Spec: C – Irish Potato (tuber)

Spec: D – Potted Bean seedling (A week old)

Spec: E – Potted Guinea-com seedling (A week old)

(1aii)

Spec A: Vegetative propagation (by bulbs)

Spec B: Vegetative propagation (by rhizomes)

Spec C: Vegetative propagation (by tubers)

(1aiii)

(1aiv)

Specimen D: Epigeal germination (the seedling emerges from the soil and the cotyledons are above ground)

Specimen E: Hypogeal germination (the seedling remains underground and the cotyledons remain below ground)

(1av)

Specimen D;

(i)The seedling needs light to grow and develop

(ii)The cotyledons are photosynthetic and need to be above ground to perform photosynthesis

Specimen E :

(i)The seedling gets protection from harsh environmental conditions

(ii)The cotyledons can absorb nutrients from the soil without being exposed to light

(1avi)

Specimen D: Tap root system (a single main root that grows straight down into the soil)

Specimen E: Fibrous root system (many branching roots that spread out in all directions)

(1avii)

SPECIMEN D: Reticulate venation (net-like pattern of veins in the leaf)

Specimen E: Parallel venation (veins run parallel to each other in the leaf)

(1aviii)

Specimen; A – Onion (Bulb): Scale leaves (the thick, fleshy leaves that make up the bulb)

Specimen; B – Ginger (Rhizome): Rhizome (the underground stem that serves as a storage organ)

Specimen; C – Irish Potato (Tuber): Tuber (the underground stem that serves as a storage organ, consisting of starch and other nutrients)

(2ai)

Specimen; F – Pigeon’s head with the neck

Specimen; G- Atlas vertebra of a Rabbit

Specimen; H- Lumbar vertebra of a Rabbit

Specimen; I-Cactus plant

Specimen; J – Water lettuce

(2aii)

To support the head and allow for flexibility and movement of the neck.

(2aiii)

Specimen G:

First cervical vertebra (C1), located at the base of the skull

Specimen H:

Located in the lower back region, between the ribcage and the pelvis (L1-L7)

(2aiv)

Occipital bone

(2av)

(2avi)

Mammalia.

(2avii)

Specimen I; Cactus plant

(i)Stem succulence (ability to store water in the stem)

(ii)Spines (reduce water loss through transpiration)

(iii)Deep roots (access water deep in the soil)

Specimen J; Water lettuce

(i)Floating leaves (allow the plant to stay afloat on the water surface)

(ii)Long stems (allow the plant to absorb nutrients from the water)

(3ai)

Specimen; K-Ripe Tomato fruit

Specimen; L – Ripe Palm fruit

Specimen; M-Ripe Tridax fruit

Specimen; N – Ripe Mango fruit

Specimen; O-Ripe flamboyant flower.

(3aii)

Specimen K; Berry

Specimen L; Berry

Specimen M; Cypsela

(3aiii)

Specimen K; Axile

Specimen N; Axile

(3aiv)

Specimen L; Dispersal by Animal

Specimen M; Dispersal by wind

(3av)

(i)Hooks

(ii)Lightweight

(iii)Sticky surface

(3avi)

Specimen K

(i)Small sized

(ii)Red coloured

Specimen

(i)Big sized

(ii) Yellow coloured

(3avii)

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